Tired of watching TV commercials? Read the fine print at the bottom of the advertising. Interesting what’s there – all sorts of restrictions and limitations when using a “better” credit card… Warnings that some medications could result in death… An admission that the product on sale did only slightly better than a placebo.

DEMOCRACY. For history buffs, what is the oldest operating democracy? Answer at the end of this blog.

GREAT MUSIC. The wonderful Metropolitan Opera broadcasts, piped in to theaters around the world, from Alaska to Uruguay .

ON YOU TUBE.  Wonderful masses of Schubert, especially the series conducted by Swalllich.

ST. PAUL.   In 1 Corinthians, he cautions against marriage… even predicting that there will be troubles for those who marry.

GNOSTICS. From Nag  Hammadi , a treasure trove of Gnostic writings has appeared in the last 75 years, particularly from Egypt in 1945 – most of these were found heretical by the established church.

NOTRE DAME. One of the great losses to society – the wonderful acoustics, severely harmed by the great fire at the Paris Cathedral. Supposedly, the sound was so good that it inspired polyphonic singing in the Middle Ages.

DEATH OF A HERETIC  From the wonderful ancient Ireland series by Peter Tremayne,, these sayings:

• When a boat is safe in the harbor, it was not what a boat was built for.

• When the storm winds begin to rise, some people will start building walls. Others will see the opportunity to set up windmills.

LIARS. A recent Washington Post commentator from the UK expresses concern over a US elected representative shouting “liar” during the State of the Union address of Pres. Biden.  There are plenty of comments flying around the British Parliament, says  the commentator, but “liar” goes too far.

GAMBLING.  Lots of advertising before the Super Bowl.  Innocent pleasure… Or weakening of American virtue?

ACCURA RADIO  Plenty of music in an amazing variety of niches – from sacred classical to Norse folksongs.

… AND SERIUS FM.   Fine music honoring African-American composers during Black History month.

NEAT IDEA. Young men running with his big dog – he’s on a skateboard with a leash… And the dog is  pulling them along.

ANSWER TO THE HISTORY QUIZ .   The nation is Iceland. 

RELIGIOUS DIVERSITY? One college professor estimates that there are 40,000 Christian denominations in the world – and 1,200 in the United States alone.

FIRST CLASS STAMPS.  A recent Washington Post analysis reveals that the cost of mailing a first-class letter in the United States is actually considerably lower than most of the other developed countries of the world.

REPORTING ON FOX. Not to get political – but an observation: how little the recent settlement with Dominion was reported on Fox, as opposed to the progressive channels

RED TAPE.. From about 1780 to 1980, the Federal government bundled many of its documents in red-dyed fabric which was soon called “red tape” – a shorthand for bureaucratic entanglements.  The Washington Post reports that in 1864, the War Department purchased 154 miles of red tape. And in 1943, the Treasury Department bought nearly 123 miles of tape.

THE HERITAGE OF JESUS. An amusing friend suggests:

·         Christ was Italian – he talked with his hands, he had wine with his meals, and he used olive oil

·         Jesus was Jewish – he went into his Father’s business, he lived at home; his mother was sure he was God

·         Jesus was black – he called everyone brother, he liked the Gospel, and he did not get a fair trial

·         Jesus was Irish – he never got married, he was always telling stories, he loved green pastures

·         … And most compelling of all, suggestions that the Jesus was a woman – he fed a crowd when there was virtually no food, he kept trying to get a message across to a bunch of men who refuse to listen, and even when he was dead, he had to get up because there  was still work to do

SPEAKING OF JESUS… Jean-Pierre Isboults has produced a Great Course series on the historical Jesus. While assuring everyone that there is no challenge to believers, he comments on the following:

Herod was not Jewish by birth; his mother was an Arab princess. The Jewish community resented him deeply

“Give us today our daily bread” can be seen in perhaps a new way – each day, Galilean women baked bread.

The home of Mary, Joseph, and Jesus would have been a simple affair of packed earth, with the roof made from thin beams and branches covered with palm fronds and backed with mud. People sat on the floor using rugs.

Perhaps the Pharisees debating with Jesus were not trying so much to trip him up is to engage in the intellectual/religious debate, in Judaism of that time.

Close to Nazareth, a city named Sepphoris was built. The population was mostly Gentile

Christ taught near the Sea of Galilee. From Nazareth, he could travel across this relatively small lake, preach, and return home – all within one day

It is likely that Christ carried only the crossbar of his cross. Archaeology suggests that the Roman guards already had permanent poles set up

The reason the Romans crucified Christ was their understanding that he claimed to be “King of the Jews.” As such, He was regarded as a revolutionary seeking to establish a new Israel free of Roman influence.

---

THE ROAD TO GRANDCHESTER

James Runcie’s popular TV serious includes a prequel The Road to Grandchester.

Some interesting thoughts:

• (World War II in Italy) “he realizes that no matter how much they do now, or how swiftly they win the war, this Italian land will never be truly cleared: that whenever the peace finally comes, the weapons will still be there in the fields, to wound and kill the farmers who till the soil and the children who play there.”
• (The law) “People talk of law and order… But to get them the wrong way around.  Order has to exist before there can even be a soil for law to take root and grow.”
• Soldiers in peace are like chimneys in summer. We don’t know what to do with ourselves.
• Prayer of St. Anselm: O Lord, my God, teach my heart this day where and how to see you, where and how to find you…
• In the Messiah, the higher notes in one of the areas I reserved for the words God and Christ.
• The grace of God does not come with a roll of thunder. It is a small, growing, and steady light. It arrives as the dawn comes, slowly and truly, each day a new birth.
• Telling the truth is about as dangerous as lighting a match in a gunpowder factory.

NFL INTRODUCTIONS.  Was he telling the truth or making clever comment? The NFL professional who introduced himself during opening TV credits as graduating from “Thomas Jefferson Grammar School.”.

WAY TOO EARLY. Introducing Christmas TV ads well before Thanksgiving….

FEELING MY AGE.  Remembering an individual called “theTV repair man.” Also, complaining to the salesman for my 2022 Honda that my new car would not start – only to be reminded that it was a hybrid, would not make a noise starting, and would move forward if I simply pressed the Drive button (button, not a gearshift lever) using a fob (not car key).

WEIRD WORDS.

“Duty free.”  What’s the big deal?

“Supplies are limited.”

“Previously recorded.”

“Official  ______ of the NFL.”  The official truck?  Pizza?  Beer?.

ROMANIAN.  Romania is supposedly the one Slavic state with a language based on Latin. Ask Google to download something familiar – perhaps the Lord’s Prayer in Romanian and notice how it is allied to Latin..

UNITARIAN CHRISTMAS CAROL?  For those who like their religion without traditional significance, how about “O Christmas Tree.”

APOCALYPSE? A Johns Hopkins analysis from 2010 is titled “Visions of Apocalypse.” It shows how the three Abrahamic faiths view the “end times” and how this expresses itself in foreign policy and conflict.

DECLINE AND FALL?  IN 1776, the year our American Republic was born, English author Edward Gibbon published his “Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.” 

Today, there has been a renewed interest in Gibbon. Does the decline of the Roman Empire hold lessons for us today?  Are we the modern day Roman Empire?

Some argue that America today is decadent, an overly-indulgent society which favors the wealthy and powerful despite being on the brink of economic/political collapse.

What is their argument?

One might begin with explanations for the fall of Rome.  Historians have suggested:

• Invasions by Germanic barbarians
• The sack of Rome
• The coming of Islam
• General lack of will in the people
• Decadence of the ruling classes
• Growing influence of Christianity
• Excessive taxation to support the military
• Unsound economic policies
• Crop failures
• Disease

Adding to the list, an American anthropologist named Joseph Tainter has suggested a modern take – as societies become increasingly advanced, their resources can no longer accommodate a viable, sustainable society.

Progressives sometimes compare the decline of Rome to what happened during the Trump administration.

They argue somewhat as follows:

Our nation faced “sedition and insurrection” contesting the inauguration of a new, legitimate leader.

How was this done? Like the failed emperors of Rome, President Trump supposedly did away with “adults in the room.”   Soon, only sycophants were left.

With the “adults” gone, he next fought with a handful of heroic bureaucrats. Talented civil servants gave the Roman Empire – as well as the British and American public servants – staying power, solid administration, and competence.   Such individuals arguably could hold the rickety scaffolding together.  Addressing this, Trump sneered at the entrenched bureaucrats (and perhaps unfriendly media) by calling them the “deep state.”

Another aspect of Rome – and perhaps of Pres. Trump – was embracing “alternative facts.”   Arguably, the administration relied on falsehoods, giving life to conspiracy theories of a stacked national election.

The argument continues that the United States is following the dangerous declining path of Rome.   Like Rome, our Congress has ceded its authority to the Chief Executive across a wide front, relinquishing any claim that the laws are created by “the people’s house.”

Furthermore, in Rome, the argument goes, the Caesars maintained the fiction of a Republican government. The Senate was castrated, engaging in pretenses of freedom long after it ceased to play an important role.  This is happening here and now, many argue

 Meanwhile, those ambitious for government advancement protected their positions by abject subservience to this President.

Historian Ramsay MacMullen  has distilled the long arc of the Roman empire into three words: FEWER HAVE MORE.” This, some fear, is where America finds itself today.

FOR HISTORY BUFFS. There is one particular source for the following sayings who was it?

• set your teeth on edge
• good riddance
• full circle
• did as a doornail
• wild goose chase

Answers at the end of this blog

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A MORON AND AN IDIOT moron is somebody who’s driving 10 miles slower than you. An idiot is one who is driving 10 miles faster.

ARCHAEOLOGY AT FACE VALUE . Archaeology magazine explains how researchers, using special camera filters under different light wavelengths – identify pigments and binding agents. As a result today’s viewers can see pretty close to what the original looked like.

ANCIENT DAYS?  A recent TV advertisement enthusiastically notes that a certain plumber has been in business for 20 years.   Not very impressive compared to a sign at the ancient church in Exning England. It proclaims “divine worship has been held on the church site since 1520.”

NFL ENDORSEMENTS?  Recently seen on TV – advertisements touting to products which are said to be “endorsed” by the players of the NFL – farm tractors and spiced rum.

SHORTEST TRIAL IN HISTORY?  North Carolina Prof. Bart Ehrman relates what he claims is the shortest trial in history – a Christian persecuted by the Roman state.

• Are you a bishop?
• I am
• You are no longer – execute him.

ANSWERS FOR HISTORY BUFFS.  These were all sayings of William Shakespeare.

A Good Friend Writes……..

Years ago I would have struggled with the God of Spinoza.  However, as I have gotten older and learned more about life I find the God of Spinoza very appealing.  I love a God of love and grace who gives us room to grow and even make mistakes.  I love a God who encourages us to enjoy nature and to build community with others instead of hiding out in isolated prayer that keeps us apart from others. I love a God who is the opposite of one who is all about fire, brimstone and eternal punishment. I love that kind of God that I see evident in the most wonderful people I have met in this life-and guess what?  Many of those people don’t go to church! 

A GOOD READ The Good German by Joseph  Kanon.  An American correspondent goes to Berlin at the end of World War II, begins to investigate a murder, and finds the killer. The story was later made into a movie starring George Clooney.

HISTORY OF LITURGICAL MUSIC. In 313, Emperor Constantine recognized Christianity as entitled to equal rights and protections alongside other religions of the Empire.  The church now emerged from the underground.  Latin replaced Greek as the official language of the liturgy at Rome.  As the powers of the Roman Emperor in the West declined, the authority of the Roman Bishop increased.  This gradually led to the predominant authority of Rome in matters of faith, discipline – and music

With great numbers of new converts and growing prestige, the church began to build large basilicas in the 5^th to 7^th centuries and to create music appropriate for such large assemblies.  By the 8^th century, a trained music school existed at Rome.

The culmination of liturgy and music is traditionally ascribed to Pope Gregory I (The Great).  Gregorian chant emphasized order and discipline. 

 Today’s Gregorian chant is not necessarily 100% true to that sung centuries ago; the oldest manuscripts with musical notation did not appear until 300 years later

Gregorian chant constitutes one of the most ancient bodies of song still in use anywhere in the world.

 Many people find Gregorian chant to be extremely restful and conducive to prayer.  For a good example, see YouTube – the 99 most essential Gregorian chants  or 1 Hour Divine Gregorian Chant Compilation Mix – Chant of the Mystics Vol. 1 Album – Mystical Chants

THE CHAMPION, magazine of the NAACP L. Interesting articles on:

• Defense efforts to close the door on social media evidence; and
• Qualified immunity

MORE ON PBS “CROSSING THE ATLANTIC.”

FACT OR FICTION? Was the President infatuated with Norway’s Crown Princess?

Fact or Fiction: FDR had romantic feelings for Princess Martha.

LIKELY:  “There were many rumors about their relationship—many at the time thought [it was] romantic,” says series creator, director, co-writer and executive producer, Alexander Eik. “We do not know for certain that was the case, but we know that President Roosevelt was infatuated with Martha and this has been confirmed by many sources [including] two of his grandchildren. … Early in the war, British Intelligence [also] reported from Washington to London that the President was infatuated.”

It’s true that in his spare time between 1941-1945, FDR’s most frequent companion was Martha, though others were often with them as well. “We have assumed President Roosevelt had romantic feelings for the Crown Princess,” sums up series’ co-writer and historian, Linda May Kallestein. “That does not mean they had a physical relationship.”

And what did Martha feel for Roosevelt? “That we don’t know,” says Eik. “She was very private. We don’t even know if she wrote anything down in her diaries or in any letters. … We certainly haven’t been able to find any evidence for her feelings towards the President. … Personally, I think she had very warm feelings for him. We know their friendship was intimate, that it was a deep friendship. Was it romantic? I don’t know.”

Fact or Fiction: Eleanor Roosevelt and Princess Martha became good friends—eventually.

FACT:  “In our research we found Eleanor’s relationship with Martha developed during the war,” says Eik. “As far as we know, the First Lady didn’t think much of the Crown Princess when she first arrived.”  While Eleanor was a strong voice in the White House and a political activist, Martha focused on her children. Later Eik adds, “it was clear the President was flirting with Martha. Someone confronted Eleanor about it and she is said to have shrugged and said, There’s always a Martha.”

But Norway’s Crown Princess ended up making a great effort for her country and she and Eleanor were definitely on friendly terms as the war progressed, according to Kallestein. One of Martha’s heralded achievements was a 1943 speech in Madison Square Garden to raise Red Cross funds and it’s true that the First Lady introduced her on stage. However “the part about Eleanor’s helping Martha with her fears of public speaking is something we made up to fit  Martha’s dramatic arc,” Kallestein explains.

Eventually, Eleanor became a close friend and supporter of Martha. “Eleanor visited Oslo after the war as the royal family’s guest and met with Martha when [the Crown Princess] traveled several times to the U.S. for medical treatment,” says Kallestein.

Fact or Fiction: Martha invited injured sailor Alfred Isaksen to dinner as guest of honor.

FICTION:  She did not invite a wounded veteran to challenge prominent guests including the President; the situation is fictional as is the character named Alfred Isaksen. It is true, however, that the Crown Princess met a Norwegian seaman who had survived a torpedo attack and who rejected her inquiries during a hospital visit, say the series co-writers. Martha later learned the sailor was anxious about his family, investigated their situation, and wrote him a letter conveying news they were doing well. The next time she visited, the man cried tears of joy thanking her. It is also “true that President Roosevelt brought high-ranking guests to [Martha’s] home,” says Eik. “The representation of her home as an informal, social arena is correct.”

Fact or Fiction: Merchant seamen from Norway were overnight guests at Pook’s Hill.

FICTION:  The Norwegian Embassy arranged day trips to Pook’s Hill for both war refugees and wounded sailors, however series co-writers say they found no evidence that any spent the night. Episode 5 scenes of men being assigned bedrooms and Martha calming the young sailor Otto’s nightmares are fictionalized. “Otto represents several characters we found in our research,” says Eik. “Many Norwegian refugees in the U.S. had major problems and we know the Crown Princess helped as many as she could.”

Princess Martha did visit area hospitals to personally thank Norwegian seamen and listen to their stories. And in 1943, she and Prince Olav also opened a 51-acre center in the U.S. for Norway’s seamen and refugees.

#  #  #

 STILL MORE ON  PBS ‘s “CROSSING THE ATLANTIC.”

To better appreciate the fine PBS presentation, here are continuing notes on Scandinavia during World War II.

Humanitarian effort

As the war began to shift in favor of the Allies, the Swedes changed their strategy with regard to aiding the precariously situated European Jews, who up to that point had been refused refuge in Sweden. The first shift in Sweden’s stance towards Jews occurred in 1942. When the Germans began their campaign of persecution against the Jews of Norway, the Swedish government accepted 900 Jewish refugees, slightly more than half of Norway’s Jewish population.

In 1943, Sweden received nearly all of Denmark’s 8,000 Jews (along with 9,000 Danish Christians who were seeking refuge from conditions of war).  With the dissolution of the Danish government in the summer of 1943, the German authorities decided to deport Denmark’s Jewish population to concentration camps. However, the Danes successfully ferried all but 450 of the Danish Jews across the straits between Copenhagen and the Swedish mainland, across waters that were patrolled by German ships, in an unprecedented rescue effort.

 Once in Sweden, the Danish Jews were granted asylum and taken in by Swedish families. Many stayed in Sweden after the war. Sweden also received refugees from Finland and Norway, including some of Norway’s Jews. All this, as well as the protection of Sweden’s own Jewish population, was made possible by Sweden’s neutrality.

A daily newspaper in Sweden, the Svenska Dagbladet said that Sweden did more to assist and save Jews than any other country

Neutrality also allowed Sweden to have physical access to Germany, which was useful to Allied intelligence. 

King Gustav V of Sweden attempted to use his diplomatic connections with German leaders to convince them to treat Jews more humanely, as evidenced through his correspondence, although to little effect.

Count Folke Bernadotte, a relative of the Swedish royal family, was able to communicate with the German government and relay information back to Sweden, as did other diplomats. He also contributed in saving 15,000 prisoners from concentration camps, as did Valdemar Langlet and the famous diplomat Raoul Wallenberg, who may have saved up to 100,000 Hungarian Jews.

Many Swedish noblemen used their personal connections and wealth to take in and find temporary Swedish homes for children from neighboring countries, mainly Denmark and Finland^[ Werner Dankwort served as the first secretary for the German legation in Stockholm during the German Nazi regime and secretly helped Jewish children to escape from Germany into Sweden inside wooden crates.

Press Freedom

The Swedish public’s sentiments were widely published in the Swedish press, causing many protests from the German government and prompting the Swedish government to censor some areas of the press.  Newspapers fell under the control of several authorities, despite contemporary claims that the Swedish press was free. The Swedish Government Information Board determined what military information could be released and what information should remain secret.

The Swedish government was concerned that its neutrality might be compromised should the press become too vocal in its opinions. Both the Swedish Press Council and the Information Board issued advice such as: “….attempts should be made not to give prominence to the reports of one side at the expense of the other.”

Relations with Nazi Germany

Perhaps the most important aspect of Sweden’s concessions to Germany during the Second World War was the extensive export of iron ore for use in the German weapons industry, reaching ten million tons per year. As Germany’s preparations for war became more apparent and the risk of another war became obvious, international interest in Swedish iron ore increased. At the time, British intelligence estimated that German industry relied heavily on Swedish iron ore and a decrease or halt in Swedish ore exports could have a disastrous effect on Germany’s military efforts .

Britain had been unable to prevent the successful Nazi invasion of both France and Norway; Sweden was not convinced that the British could protect them and opted to continue exports. The iron ore provided much needed gold bullion, food and coal from Germany. These shipments were subject to attacks from British aircraft and submarines in the Atlantic and North Sea and by Soviet submarines in the Baltic. About 70 vessels were sunk and 200 sailors killed during the war.

Responding to German appeals for volunteers to fight the Soviet Union, approximately 180 Swedes enlisted in Germany’s Waffen-SS, and saw combat against Soviet troops on the Eastern Front… Their number was small compared to occupied countries, in which officials encouraged enlisting for the Eastern Front (Norway 6,000; Denmark 6,000; France 11,000; Netherlands 20,000).

With an Allied  blockade of the Skagerrak straits between Norway and the northern tip of Denmark, the Swedish merchant navy found itself physically divided. The vessels inside the Baltic Sea traded goods with Germany during the war; elsewhere, vessels were leased to the Allies for convoy shipping. Approximately 1,500 Swedish sailors perished during the war, mostly victims of mines and U-boat attacks.

Relations with the Allies

Sweden made efforts to help the Allied Forces. From May 1940, a large part of the Swedish merchant navy found outside the Baltic, (totaling about 8,000 seamen) was leased to Britain. 300 Swedes traveled to Norway to fight the German invasion  German telegraph traffic to occupied Oslo went through Swedish-leased cables which the Swedes intercepted

The German cypher code was broken by Swedish mathematics professor Arne Beurling in early summer 1940 and the results were sent to the Allies through the Polish resistance movement.

 US planes were allowed to use Swedish military bases during the liberation of Norway, from spring 1944 to 1945, and the Allies were also collaborating with the Swedish Military Intelligence and Security Service. Sweden allowed Allied spies to listen to German radio signals from a station on Öland. A radio beacon was also established in Malmö for the British military to guide bombing of Germany

 From 1943 onward, Norwegian and Danish soldiers (Den danske Brigade) were trained at Swedish military bases. Sweden had also set up a series of training camps along the Norwegian border for the Norwegian resistance movement. Toward the end of the war Swedish intelligence cooperated with US air transport in relief efforts directed toward areas liberated by the Red Army.

FOR HISTORY BUFFS:  Pres. Biden often uses the word “malarkey.” Where does that come from?

The word malarkey, meaning “insincere or exaggerated talk,” originally found favor in Irish-American usage, though its exact origin remains unknown. We can likely thank a cartoonist of Irish descent, Thomas Aloysius Dorgan (“TAD” for short), for popularizing the word.

Ben Zimmer, a U.S. language commentator, has alleged that the word was first used by Irish Americans.   Contrariwise, Michael Quinion, a British writer, etymologist, and the author of World Wide Words, insists that the word’s origin is still unknown.   (Zimmer added that Thomas Aloysius Dorgan, also popularized “kibitzer” and “hard-boiled” through his cartoons.)

CALL THE MIDWIVES.  A local PBS station is replaying the popular series Call the Midwives. One episode centered on the horrible case of thalidomide babies.

Frederick Dove, himself a “thalidomide baby,” furnishes a fascinating update.  He relates:

Fifty years ago, the sedative Thalidomide was withdrawn after thousands of mothers gave birth to disabled babies. That ageing Thalidomide generation now faces rising care bills – but some hope a possible Nazi link to the drug could bring more compensation.

In November 1961, I was five months old. My family had no idea why their otherwise healthy baby boy had been born with short arms, twisted hands and no thumbs.

But by the end of that month, the truth was finally out in the open.

After a German newspaper reported that Thalidomide was the likely cause for the mysterious spate of disabled babies born in Germany since 1958, the drug’s producer, Chemie Gruenenthal, caved in to growing pressure, and on 26 November withdrew all products containing Thalidomide from what had been very lucrative, over-the-counter sales.

A few days later, Thalidomide’s British licensee, Distillers, followed suit in the UK. But by then, the damage was done.

Thalidomide has strong sedative properties and many women in the early weeks of pregnancy had taken it to ease their morning sickness, utterly unaware its effect on the unborn child can be teratogenic, or “monster-forming”.

Limbs can fail to develop properly, in some cases also eyes, ears and internal organs. No-one knows how many miscarriages the drug caused, but it’s estimated that, in Germany alone, 10,000 babies were born affected by Thalidomide. Many were too damaged to survive for long.

Today, fewer than 3,000 are still alive. In Britain, it’s about 470. Among the nearly 50 countries affected are Japan (approximately 300 survivors), Canada and Sweden (both more than 100), and Australia (45). Spain’s government only recently acknowledged the drug was ever distributed there. No-one knows how many Spanish survivors there are. It could be hundreds.

After 1961, the drug didn’t disappear – medical researchers discovered it can be extremely effective in certain treatments. Stringent precautions should be taken, particularly with women patients of child-bearing age. But sadly, in Brazil, where the drug has been widely used in treating certain leprosy symptoms, there is now another, younger generation of disabled Thalidomide survivors.

Just as the drug’s effect in the womb seems totally random, so too was the compensation received. In recent years, UK survivors have won concessions from the government, the tax authorities and Distillers’ successor company, which has boosted current average compensation pay-outs in the UK to around $63,000 (£40,000) a year.

But elsewhere, survivors still get nothing, or very little. Of today’s 6,000 estimated survivors around the world, nearly half fall under the compensation deal in Germany. That currently provides a yearly maximum of about 13,500 euros (£11,840), which does not cover the needs of those with multiple limb deficiencies. Many have no independent income and require constant care.

Campaigns for higher compensation are gaining support – in Germany and elsewhere. Progress has been slow, but that could change dramatically, if proof is found that it was not Chemie Gruenenthal which discovered Thalidomide, as has always been claimed, but scientists working for the Nazi regime.

Gruenenthal patented Thalidomide in the mid-1950s. But investigations in the past two years have confirmed that the German brand-name – Contergan – was owned by the French pharma-company, Rhone-Poulenc, during the early 1940s, when it was effectively under Nazi control.

It’s also now becoming clear that Gruenenthal was part of a post-war network of German scientists and businessmen who had played leading roles during the Nazi era. Immediately after the war, for example, Gruenenthal employed Dr. Heinrich Mueckter as chief scientist, who was sought in Poland on charges of war crimes after conducting medical experiments in prison camps, during which hundreds of prisoners may have died.

Mr. Dove concludes: “Which is why, on 26 November – 50 years on – we, the German survivors, will march, waddle, limp or roll in wheelchairs from the Brandenburg Gate to the Federal Chancellery in Berlin. ….To celebrate that we are still alive, and to remember those who never lived.”

LAWYERS CORNER. A recent issue of the Champion magazine of NACDL provides a model standing order on the obligations of the prosecution in light of Brady.  Another article speaks of creative voir dire in drunk driving cases

OSCAR FESTIVAL.  One of the cable networks is featuring films which won Oscars, including “I’ll Cry Tomorrow.”    This was the story of Singer Lillian Roth, who revealed to the world that she was an alcoholic.

– In February 1953, she appeared on a special episode of the TV series This Is Your Life hosted by Ralph Edwards  . In response to her honesty in relating her story of alcoholism, she received more than 40,000 letters

Lillian Roth, 1910 – 1980, was a child actress. 

She was only 6 years old when her mother took her to Educational Pictures, where she became the company’s trademark, symbolized by a living statue holding a lamp of knowledge. In her autobiography. She attended the Professional Children’s School in New York City with classmates Ruby Keeler and Milton Berle.

In 1917 Roth made her Broadway debut as the character “Flossie” in The Inner Man  ^[Her film debut occurred the following year, when she performed as an extra in the government documentary Pershing’s Crusaders. She and her sister Ann also toured together during this period as “Lillian Roth and Co.  One of the highlights of their tour was meeting U.S. President Woodrow Wilson, who attended the girls’ vaudeville act and afterwards allowed them to ride with him briefly in his chauffeur-driven car.

Roth appeared in Artists and Models in 1923 and went on to make Revels with Frank Fay. During production for the show, she told management she was 19 years of age despite being only 13 at the time.

In 1927, at the age of 17, Roth returned to Broadway to perform in the first of three Earl Carroll Vanities, which was followed by Midnight Frolics, a Florenz Ziegfeld production. Soon the young actress signed a seven-year contract with Paramount Pictures.

Roth headlined the Palace Theatre in New York City and performed in the Earl Carroll Vanities in 1928, 1931, and 1932..

During this time, her personal life increasingly was overshadowed by her alcoholism..

Her theme song, which she began singing as a child performer, was “When the Red, Red Robin (Comes Bob, Bob, Bobbin’ Along)“.

Roth was married six times

In 1947, she met her last husband, Thomas Burt McGuire, scion of Funk and Wagnalls Publishing Company at an Alcoholics Anonymous meeting (Roth joined Alcoholics Anonymous in 1946).

SPIRITUAL QUESTION. What is the New Testament miracle mentioned in all four Gospels>  ANSWER: The “Feeding of the 5000.”

HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO DECOMPOSE? A friend sends an interesting list of how long it takes certain objects to completely decompose. Among the interesting items:

Paper towel – 2 to 4 weeks

Banana peel – 3 to 4 weeks

Newspaper – 1 ½ months

Orange peels – six months

Cigarette butts – 10 to 12 years

Plastic cups – 50 years

Plastic containers – 50 to 80 years

Plastic bottles – 450 years

Aluminum cans – 200 to 500 years

Plastic bags – 200 to 1000 years

LEGAL NEWS

New York Times

Swelling Anti-Asian Violence: Who Is Being Attacked Where (“Over the last year, in an unrelenting series of episodes with clear racial animus, people of Asian descent have been pushed, beaten, kicked, spit on and called slurs. Homes and businesses have been vandalized. The violence has known no boundaries, spanning generations, income brackets and regions. The New York Times attempted to capture a sense of the rising tide of anti-Asian bias nationwide. Using media reports from across the country, The Times found more than 110 episodes since March 2020 in which there was clear evidence of race-based hate.”)

National Law Journal/Law.com 

Justices, Issuing Rare Order, Spurn Argument Request From Biden DOJ (“Supreme Court advocates often seek the government’s support as amicus when relevant to their cases because of the court’s traditional respect for that office. In addition to Monday’s denial, the Supreme Court rejected argument requests by the U.S. solicitor general in at least two other cases since 2011.”)

Techniques have successfully tracked down elusive serial killers may soon be used to help identify thousands of American service members ‘known but to God.’

Washington Post 

They moved into churches to avoid deportation. Now they’re asking: Is it safe to leave? (“President Biden froze deportations for 100 days, but a judge quickly blocked that order, creating a dilemma for those in sanctuary.”)

He said he spent $15,000 on a Disney World trip. He refused a temperature check and got arrested. (“Kelly Sills paid a small fortune for an enchanting trip to ‘the most magical place on Earth.’ Instead, the Baton Rouge resident — like several other Disney World guests who have defied coronavirus restrictions — visited the Orange County jail.”)

Vox

Police officers are prosecuted for murder in less than 2 percent of fatal shootings (“Police officers are rarely prosecuted in the US.”

HISTORY BUFFS: In ancient Rome, Titus is left-handed.   This makes Titus exempt from Army service.    He is neither a Christian nor unfit for the Army. What keeps him a civilian?

PRUDENCE?    “… He’s always said exactly what he meant. It’s a wonder he got promoted as high as he did.” – Ruth Downey, Memento Mori

RELIEF FOR A HISPANIC MARINE. Good news for our client RB – more than 34 years later, he succeeded in winning an upgrade from his undesirable-type discharge.   In gratitude for his victory, this kindly man wrote us, “I had Angels with me throughout my life and 10 years ago I found one.”

Another client – C – was able to clear up a difficult situation and get approved to work as a civilian nurse.

DISLOYAL?  NACDL’s Champion magazine book report:    Regarding Mr. Cohen, the President Trump attorney who lost his license to practice law, the reviewer argues that “disbarment doesn’t nullify confidentiality.”

NBC News

28 migrant children and their parents face deportation after refusing to be separated (“This summer, ICE gave the parents the choice between keeping their children with them in detention or releasing their children from detention without them.”)

The Crime Report

  Can the Sixth Amendment Protect Defendants from Junk Science? (“On December 3, the Maryland Court of Appeals will hear oral arguments in two cases that address when a criminal defendant has a right to cross-examine a lab technician who tested a DNA sample in his case.”)

Washington Post

Jury duty? No thanks say many, forcing trials to be delayed (“A few courts have held trials in person and by video conference. Although video conferences may appear to be the best bet, many criminal defense lawyers oppose them because it’s harder to determine witness credibility and to see if jurors are paying attention, said Christopher Adams, a lawyer in Charleston, South Carolina, and president of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers. ‘For almost everybody, there is no compelling need for trials to go forward during the pandemic,’ he said, adding that most courts are not holding jury trials at the moment. Adams said another concern is how representative juries would be if trials went ahead — the virus’ impact and the level of concern about it across different demographics, such as Black, Latino and elderly populations that are dying at higher rates, could affect who feels safe to serve jury duty. ‘What we can’t allow is to have trials where there’s not a fair cross section of the community represented,’ he said.”)

Collateral Consequences Resource Center 

Updated: “Who Must Pay to Regain the Vote? A 50-State Survey” (“We are pleased to publish an update of our 50-state report on how unpaid court debt blocks restoration of voting rights lost as a result of conviction[.]”)

Execution rescheduled for only woman on federal death row (“The U.S. government now plans to execute the first female inmate in almost six decades just days before President-elect Joe Biden, an opponent of the death penalty, takes office.”)

: “Who Must Pay to Regain the Vote? A 50-State Survey” (“We are pleased to publish an update of our 50-state report on how unpaid court debt blocks restoration of voting rights lost as a result of conviction[.]”)

NY Times

Can an Algorithm Prevent Suicide? (“The Department of Veterans Affairs has turned to machine-learning to help identify vets at risk of taking their own lives.”)

Army Agrees to Review Thousands of Unfavorable Discharges for Veterans (“If approved by a federal judge, the settlement agreement in a class-action lawsuit could result in thousands of veterans gaining access to the Department of Veterans Affairs’ full array of benefits.”)

Associated Press 

Prosecutors: 31 charged in Coast Guard test-fixing scheme (“More than 30 people were charged for their participation in a test score-fixing scheme that happened over seven years at a United States Coast Guard exam center in Louisiana, federal prosecutors announced.”)

 NBC News 

Trump set on veto of defense bill over renaming bases honoring Confederates (“The president has told lawmakers he won’t back down from campaign threat to scuttle defense spending bill over proposed changes.”)

National Law Journal/Law.com  

Amid COVID-19 Spike, 25 Federal Courts in 21 States Are Quitting Jury Trials Again (“Among the 25 U.S. district courts that have closed jury trials again because of the COVID-19 spike are courts in Texas, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia and Maryland.”)

ANSWER FOR HISTORY BUFFS: Lefties are not much use in the Roman infantry – “you couldn’t have men wielding swords in whichever hand they chose.” Ruth Downey, Memento Mauri

FOR HISTORY BUFFS:  Kamala Harris is the first vice president of color to take office,  right?    Answer at the end of today’s blog.

ELECTION DAY. Emily Goodman notes the following things about Election Day:

• Voting on Tuesday started in the 19^th century when farmers often had to travel distances to the polling place. They did not want to travel on Sunday but needed to be back home for market day on Wednesday.

• The US is one of the few nations that does not declare Election Day a national holiday

• Texas astronauts voted on Election Day; Texas allows this option. The address used by the astronauts was low-earth orbit

• Can people with limited mental capacity vote? That depends on the state – Ohio’s state constitution purportedly cautions that no idiot or insane person may vote

EGO?  “I would never name drop – it is tacky. My best friend, Pope Francis, taught me that.”

THE GOLDEN RULE[S]:

 Buddhism: hurt not others with that which pains yourself

Christianity: do onto others as you would have them do unto you

Hinduism: treat others as you would yourself be created

Islam: do unto all men as you would wish to have done to you

Judaism: what you yourself hate, do to no man. 

Top of Form

ELECTORAL COLLEGE.

Bottom of Form

Top of Form

Bottom of Form

How did we get the Electoral College?

The Founding Fathers established the Electoral College in the Constitution, in part, as a compromise between the election of the President by a vote in Congress and election of the President by a popular vote of qualified citizens. However, the term “electoral college” does not appear in the Constitution. Article II of the Constitution and the 12th Amendment refer to “electors,” but not to the “electoral college.”

Since the Electoral College process is part of the original design of the U.S. Constitution it would be necessary to pass a Constitutional amendment to change this system.

The ratification of the 12th Amendment, the expansion of voting rights, and the States’ use of the popular vote to determine who will be appointed as electors have each substantially changed the process.

Many different proposals to alter the Presidential election process have been offered over the years, such as direct nation-wide election by the eligible voters, but none has been passed by Congress and sent to the States for ratification as a Constitutional amendment. Under the most common method for amending the Constitution, an amendment must be proposed by a two-thirds majority in both houses of Congress and ratified by three-fourths of the States.

What proposals have been made to change the Electoral College process?

Reference sources indicate that over the past 200 years more than 700 proposals have been introduced in Congress to reform or eliminate the Electoral College. There have been more proposals for Constitutional amendments on changing the Electoral College than on any other subject. The American Bar Association has criticized the Electoral College as “archaic” and “ambiguous” and its polling showed 69 percent of lawyers favored abolishing it in 1987. But surveys of political scientists have supported continuation of the Electoral College. Public opinion polls have shown Americans favored abolishing it by majorities of 58 percent in 1967; 81 percent in 1968; and 75 percent in 1981.

Opinions on the viability of the Electoral College system may be affected by attitudes toward third parties. Third parties have not fared well in the Electoral College system. For example, third party candidates with regional appeal, such as Governor Thurmond in 1948 and Governor Wallace in 1968, won blocs of electoral votes in the South, but neither come close to seriously challenging the major party winner, although they may have affected the overall outcome of the election.

The last third party, or splinter party, candidate to make a strong showing was Theodore Roosevelt in 1912 (Progressive, also known as the Bull Moose Party). He finished a distant second in Electoral and popular votes (taking 88 of the 266 electoral votes needed to win at the time). Although Ross Perot won 19 percent of the popular vote nationwide in 1992, he did not win any electoral votes since he was not particularly strong in any one state. In 2016, Gary Johnson, the Libertarian Party candidate, qualified for the ballot in all 50 States and the District of Columbia but also failed to win any electoral votes. 

Any candidate who wins a majority or plurality of the popular vote nationwide has a good chance of winning in the Electoral College, but there are no guarantees (see the results of 1824, 1876, 1888, 2000, and 2016 elections).

How many times has the Vice President been chosen by the U.S. Senate?

Once. In the Presidential election of 1836, the election for Vice President was decided in the Senate. Martin Van Buren’s running mate, Richard M. Johnson, fell one vote short of a majority in the Electoral College. Vice Presidential candidates Francis Granger and Johnson had a run-off in the Senate under the 12th Amendment, where Johnson was elected 33 votes to 17.

– From the National Archives

THE FIRST JEWISH CHAPLAIN: The Jewish-American History Foundation relates – –

Michael M. (Meir) Allen, born in Philadelphia in 1830, is the first known Jewish chaplain in the United States Army. He was not chaplain to only the Jewish soldiers in his regiment, but for the entire regiment.

As the regulations then stood, only a “regularly ordained minister of some Christian denomination” could serve as a chaplain. Even though there were many so-called chaplains who were unfit for their position, Allen was singled out by the Young Men’s Christian Association because he was Jewish.

He had received some rabbinical training from his religious leader, Rev. Isaac Leeser of Philadelphia, and possessed a certificate of chaver which meant that he was an observant Jew who had studied the Shulkhan Aruch (Code of Jewish Law). He was a melamed (Hebrew teacher) of the Philadelphia Hebrew Education Society and frequently officiated as a cantor at Isaac Leeser’s congregation. However, he was not a “regularly ordained minister”, certainly not of a Christian denomination, and so not qualified for the position of chaplain.

Rather than face the shame of losing his commission and being expelled from the regiment, Allen resigned as chaplain. In 1866 he moved to New York City where he married Julia Spanier, of a distinguished German rabbinic family and became the director of Hebrew studies at the Talmud Torah (Hebrew School) of the Spanish-Portuguese congregation Shearith Israel.

In 1873, Allen emigrated to Germany in order to be with his wife’s family in Hannover, Prussia. A letter written to a friend back in the United States shortly after his arrival in Hannover expresses his deep commitment to Orthodox Judaism and his satisfaction at the religious devotion of Hannover Jewry. He wrote, “Our Holy Religion is observed by our people here as it was in times gone by, when no reforms had crept in to mar the observance of our rites and ceremonies.” He went on to say that this was due mainly to the influence of his wife’s uncle, the Landesrabbiner (Chief Rabbi) of Hannover Province.

Chaplain Allen kept a journal during the month of September, 1861. It contains little of historic interest but gives a good account of how an Orthodox Jew in the Union Army observed the Jewish holidays. Because writing on the Sabbath and holidays is forbidden by Jewish law, Allen probably recorded the entries for those days (which are very brief) at some later date. The text of the journal was printed in the Publications of the American Jewish Historical Society in 1961.

KILL THE MESSENGER! Stephen G. Mehta relates that:

In some sense, mediators are simply messengers in a war of the parties.  They send and interpret a message from one side to the other.  And we all know sometimes what can happen to the messenger.  Well I thought I might briefly look at the origin of the phrase, “Don’t shoot [or kill] the messenger.”

According to Wikipedia, “Shooting the messenger” is a metaphoric phrase used to describe the act of lashing out at the (blameless) bearer of bad news.  It appears that the original basis for the statement may have come from a related sentiment expressed as far back as 446 B.C in Antigone by Sophocles as “No one loves the messenger who brings bad news”.   Later, it was used by Shakespeare in Henry IV, part 2 (1598)^[and in Antony and Cleopatra: when told Antony has married another, Cleopatra threatens to treat the messenger’s eyes as balls, eliciting the response ‘gracious madam, I that do bring the news made not the match.’

As a side note as to why people for a long time have been worried about shooting the messenger.  I think it goes back to fight or flight.  When people hear a message that they don’t like, it invokes the fight or flight reaction in that person.  Rather than run away from the message — and its implications — they choose to fight.

ANSWER FOR HISTORY BUFFS: Almost 100 years before Kamila Harris, a Native American from Kansas was the first US multi-racial vice president.   He was Charles Curtis, who served under Herbert Hoover 1929-1933.  Curtis’s mother was a Native American who belonged to the Kaw Nation.  He was raised on a reservation.

According to Washington Post columnist Jillian Brockell, Curtis studied law and was admitted to the Kansas bar.   He was first appointed to the Senate in 1907 at a time when senators were chosen by state legislatures.  He was known for his winning personality, serving on the House Indian Affairs Committee. By the 1920s, he was Senate majority leader.

He was not particularly close with President Hoover.

At its lowest point, his Kaw Nation dwindled to fewer than 200 people. The Nation has renewed itself and now numbers nearly 3,600 people.

IN THE NEWS:

Washington Post

Editorial: Voters made clear: The war on drugs isn’t working (“On Election Day, voters around the country opted to relax state drug laws. New Jersey, Arizona, South Dakota and Montana voted to legalize recreational marijuana, and Mississippi voted to legalize medical marijuana. Oregon went further, decriminalizing small quantities of all drugs. These movements mark a welcome shift in decades of destructive drug policy.”)

Trump’s record-breaking spree of federal executions could come to an end under Biden (“Even in a year that has tallied a record number of federal executions, Lisa Montgomery’s case stands out.  Montgomery, 52, is scheduled on Dec. 8 to be the first woman in nearly 70 years to receive the federal death penalty.  Her punishment is being carried out on an unusually fast timeline — all amid a pandemic.”)

 Reuters 

U.S. criticized for police brutality, racism at U.N. rights review  (“Major powers, including allies, criticized the United States for its human rights record on Monday during a U.N. review, citing the use of the death penalty, police violence against African Americans and the separation of migrant children from their families.”)

Here are three musical challenges for the Christmas season:

1. It’s regularly sung as a popular Christmas Carol – but actually has little if anything to do with Christmas.  It does not include a single detail from the story of Jesus’ birth: no stable, no shepherds, no wise men; no Mary or Joseph; no little town of Bethlehem or choirs of angels or silent nights.   Can you name the Carol?

• In Doylestown PA, Victoria is planning to sing with the Unitarian Fellowship choir for the holidays.  Given so many freethinking liberal members, the choir is unable to agree on a Christmas Carol which does not offend the sensibilities of at least one member.   They finally settle on a popular Carol.  Which one is it?

• Some of the ancient Carols appear to have been generated at the time when Catholic Gregorian chant was being replaced to the 1-2-3-4 musical style of the new Protestant denominations.  How many Christmas or Advent Carols can you think of which reveal this changeover from Gregorian chant to today’s musical fashion?

ETHICS CORNER: You are the judge deciding how to prioritize the new pandemic vaccinations in your state. What is your fairest way of doing so among:

• Important government officials
• the elderly
• those who have already had the virus
• children
• frontline medical workers
• prisoners
• minorities

VA NEWS: A website on PTSD claims that the average rating is 70%; veterans can be rated from 0 to 100% with breaks at 10 – 30 – 50 – 70.   About 800,000 veterans have a PTSD rating.

OVERSTAYING YOUR WELCOME?   Complaining that certain elected representatives have too much longevity, one website complains of the following: Senators –

• Leahy – 40 years

• Hatch– 38 years

• Mikulski – 38 years

• Schumer – 34 years

• McConnell – 30 years

• Cochran – 42 years

• Grassley – 34 years

CANADA’S FORGOTTEN CAPITAL    Archaeology Magazine reveals the interesting story of a short-lived Canadian capital in Montréal.

JEWISH SURVIVORS STRANDED IN GERMANY.   The Last Million by David Nasaw tells the story of German Jews who survived the Nazi extermination efforts.  After liberation, many felt they had nowhere to go – “nobody was waiting for us anywhere.  We were alone and abandoned.”

IN THE NEWS:

 National Law Journal 

 Commentary: Abbe Lowell Responds to Questions Around Clemency Case, Calls for Defense of Lawyers (“Let’s kill the lawyers,” Lowell writes. His work for the president’s son-in-law, Jared Kushner, along with a clemency request he made for another client, has raised some suspicion. He says people are quicker to assume the worst motives more so now than in any time in the decades he’s worked in Washington.”)

New York Law Journal 

 Jury Trials Halted in NY’s Federal Western District Until February at Earliest (“Both criminal and civil in-person appearances are halted through Feb. 24 as well, except if the appearance ‘is deemed essential by the presiding or referral judge,’ according to the order.”)

Mukasey Joins in Call for Clemency to Undo Convict’s ‘Topsy-Turvy Result’ (“More than 130 former federal judges, former U.S. attorneys and law professors, including Michael Mukasey, former U.S. attorney general and Southern District of New York judge, requested clemency for Daniela Gozes-Wagner.”)

The Legal Intelligencer 

 Pa. Judge Sanctions Lawyer for Coaching Witness During Video Deposition (“Lackawanna County Court of Common Pleas Judge James Gibbons referred attorney Patrick Carey to the state disciplinary board and ordered him to reimburse—out of pocket—all counsel in the case for filings related to his motion to dismiss the lawsuit.”)

Daily Report 

 Ga. Chief Justice Warns Judges Who Conduct Jury Trials to ‘Remain Vigilant’ About COVID-19 (“Georgia’s chief justice cautioned judges to be prepared to suspend jury trials and grand juries if COVID-19 rates continue to rise.”)

Federal Judge Eyes Injunction Mandating COVID-19 Measures at Clayton County Jail (“A parade of witnesses, including current and former inmates, recounted tales of being denied face masks, soap or sanitizer as they were crammed together, often three to a two-man cell.”)

Northern District of Georgia Suspends Jury Trials Through February as COVID-19 Spreads (“The order is U.S. District Chief Judge Thomas Thrash’s ninth curtailing court operations because of the pandemic”)

Daily Business Review   

No More Miami-Dade Jury Trials Until Next Year, Thanks to COVID-19 Spike (“‘I think it’s really important to know that, even though it looks like our doors are closed, they’ve been open since April 1,’ Miami-Dade Circuit Chief Judge Bertila Soto said.”)

The Recorder   

California Federal Courthouses Limit Operations Amid COVID-19 Surge (“Federal courts in San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego put in place renewed procedures in response to shelter in place orders and record-breaking COVID-19 infections.”)

NY Times

Arizona Man Who Conspired to Threaten Journalists Gets 16 Months in Prison (“Johnny Roman Garza, 21, working with a neo-Nazi group, researched home addresses for potential targets and put up a threatening poster at the home of a journalist, prosecutors said.”)

Los Angeles Times 

Man who was serving 90-year marijuana sentence is released from Florida prison (“While he served a 90-year prison sentence for selling marijuana, Richard DeLisi’s wife died, as did his 23-year-old son and both his parents. His adult daughter was in a horrific car accident and suffered a paralyzing stroke as a result. He never met two granddaughters — a lifetime of missed memories.”)

FOR HISTORY BUFFS.  Sometimes, there seems to be no correct answer for a given question.   Here are three examples:

Tips

What is the origin of the word “tip” (as in leaving a tip)?

1. The word “tip” is allegedly an acronym for “To Insure Promptitude,” which was printed on bowls in British coffeehouses. Some say the custom originated in 17th century England.
2. Others strongly disagree: they point out that only one known pre-20th-century English word originated with an acronym  [the 1886 word “colinderies” or “colinda”, the Colonial and Indian Exposition held in London that year].
3. The real origin of the word “tip” is obscure.  Some maintain it may come from a popular form of speech among thieves, beggars, and hustlers. 

Cock-and-Bull Story

1. The term is believed to have originated from stage coach traveler gossip exchanged between two coaching inns, The Cock and The Bull in Stony Stratford, England.   In the 18^th and 19^th century, these two inns were a main stopping point on the turnpike road from London to Birmingham, Chester to Ireland.  The two hostelries still exist.
2. Other commentators suggest that its origin is in mythical or fictional conversations among animals (such as in the first story of Arabian Nights). However, this derivation seems based on the supposition that the French expression “coq-a-l’ane” (“cock to donkey”) has been imported into English.

Policeman as a “Copper”

Friend Andy relates:

1. I remember reading an old book to my young daughter, many years ago (she’s 16 now).  It was an old library book which attributed the word to the copper badge that police officers wore.
2. However, another source claims that the term likely comes from Anglo-Saxon times (1100’s) as a verb meaning “to catch or grab.”  It shows up in writing in 1700’s England with the same meaning.   The term was thought to be derogatory and therefore banned.

Andy provides wise insights:

I think it’s important that we remember that we may hold some beliefs that we feel to be the truth, for one reason or another.  But I feel it is so important to remain open to the possibility that we just have it wrong sometimes.  Maybe we just didn’t have all the facts or the proper context.  Maybe we heard something that we wanted to hear, and therefore jumped to a faulty conclusion.  Maybe we were just taught that (whether well- meaning or not).

But maybe if we can just take some time to step back and be open to additional information or even opposing viewpoints.

 I’m not saying that we should always change our opinions when we receive information from others or other sources.  If we feel like we have done sufficient and unbiased research (which in itself is often difficult), then we should feel good about taking the viewpoint that we feel is most credible.

I guess if we were all just a little more open to challenging our own viewpoints, beliefs, and opinions with alternate information and sources, we might gain a much clearer understanding of the subject, and certainly of other people.  And we could all use a little more understanding these days.

MILITARY HUMOR.  Someone pokes fun at the “good life” in the Air Force as opposed to the other services.  Examples –

Navy/Marines: chow hall

Army: mess hall

Air Force: dining facility

Navy/Marines: coffee

Army: cup of Joe

Air Force: vanilla latte

Navy/Marines: seaman

Army: private

Air Force: Bobby or Johnny

Navy/Marines: berthing

Army: barracks

Air Force: apartment

Navy/Marines: MRE

Army:  MRE

Air Force:  “Waiter, #3 with a diet cola”

ARAMAIC LANGUAGE.    During a 3000 year history, Aramaic has served as the lingua franca for many nations.   Apparently it was the language of the Hebrews until about 135 A.D.   It was the language of Jesus, who spoke a Western Aramaic dialect during his public ministry.  Aramaic is the liturgical language of many forms of Eastern Christianity.   Only a few Aramaic speakers remain in the world today.

There are several versions of the Lord’s Prayer sung in Aramaic, available on YouTube.  See Abwoon D’Bashmaya – The Lord’s Prayer in Aramaic.

LIFE EXPECTANCY. The Washington Post Metro section for 28 August reports that in Washington DC, white males live 17 years longer than Afro-American males.

The same issue reports that absentee voting is not new.  Union soldiers were allowed to vote via the modern equivalent of absentee ballot.  Rascals attempted to stuff the ballot boxes for Abraham Lincoln’s presidential opponent.

NEWS

Courthouse News Service 

Virginia Lawmakers Advance Bill That Bans Qualified Immunity for Cops (“While state governments and activists around the country have talked about attempting to roll back qualified immunity, a legal doctrine that protects police from civil rights lawsuits, Virginia legislators appear to be on their way to doing it.”)

The Daily Report/Law.com 

Justices OK State Murder Charges Over Silicone Injections Despite Federal Conviction (“Deanna Roberts, who pleaded guilty to Federal charges of illegally obtaining liquid silicone and injecting it into women who thought she was a licensed doctor, will still have to face state charges, including felony murder.”)

The Appeal 

NYPD Expands Use Of Controversial Subpoenas To Criminal Cases (“Administrative subpoenas—which do not require a judge’s approval—are typically used for the department’s internal investigations, but The Appeal has learned that they are being used in criminal cases.”) 

Law360 

3 Death Penalty Cases Knocking On The High Court’s Door (“The only Native American on death row, a man whose trial judge overruled a jury’s decision to not sentence him to death, and an inmate challenging a drug linked to several botched executions have all this month asked the U.S. Supreme Court to take up their cases.”)

Texas Lawyer/Law.com 

Denied Continuance, Vulnerable Dallas Lawyer to Appear Via Zoom for Jury Trial, While Opposing Counsel Goes to Court (“A trial court is pushing forward with a civil jury trial in a high school auditorium, with one lawyer appearing via Zoom because his doctor banned him from appearing in person due to age and health problems that put him at high risk if he gets COVID-19. The litigant lost an appeal to the Texas Supreme Court to delay the trial.”)

 Law & Crime 

Judge Orders President Trump to Pay Stormy Daniels More Than $44,000 in Legal Fees.